daf-16;gcy-35;npr-1

Forkhead box protein O;hypothetical protein

Locus: CELE_R13H8.1

Wormbase description: daf-16 encodes the sole C. elegans forkhead box O (FOXO) homologue; DAF-16 functions as a transcription factor that acts in the insulin/IGF-1-mediated signaling (IIS) pathway that regulates dauer formation, longevity, fat metabolism, stress response, and innate immunity; DAF-16 regulates these various processes through isoform-specific expression, isoform-specific regulation by different AKT kinases, and differential regulation of target genes; DAF-16 can interact with the CBP-1 transcription cofactor in vitro, and interacts genetically with other genes in the insulin signaling and with daf-12, which encodes a nuclear hormone receptor; DAF-16 is activated in response to DNA damage during development and co-regulated by EGL-27, alleviates DNA-damage-induced developmental arrest by inducing DAF-16-associated element (DAE)-regulated genes; DAF-16 is broadly expressed but displays isoform-specific tissue enrichment; DAF-16 localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus, with the ratio between the two an important regulator of function.

Guanylyl CYclase;Soluble guanylate cyclase gcy-35

Locus: CELE_T04D3.4

Wormbase description: gcy-35 encodes a soluble guanylyl cyclase; GCY-35 activity is required for regulation of aggregation, aerotaxis, aerokinesis, gustatory plasticity, and innate immunity; GCY-35 activity is also required in the URX sensory neurons to sense increases in O2 levels and effect corresponding behavioral changes; gcy-35::gfp reporter fusions are expressed in a number of neurons, including the AQR, PQR, and URX sensory neurons, the SDQL/R and BDU interneurons, the AVM and PVM mechanosensory neurons, the cholinergic ALN and PLN neurons, the excretory cell, and in pharyngeal and body wall muscles; gcy-35 expression in the URX neuron is positively regulated by the AHR-1 transcription complex; the heme-binding domain of GCY-35 binds molecular oxygen as well as NO and CO.

NeuroPeptide Receptor family

Locus: CELE_C39E6.6

Wormbase description: npr-1 encodes a predicted G protein-coupled neuropeptide receptor that is homologous to the mammalian neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor (OMIM:162641) required for regulating anxiety, food consumption, and pain sensation; in C. elegans, NPR-1 is involved in ethological variations of social behavior such as social versus solitary feeding; in regulating social behavior, NPR-1 functions as a receptor for the FLP-18 and FLP-21 peptide ligands; NPR-1 also affects some aspect of UNC-6/netrin-mediated branching of motor neurons, as strong npr-1 mutations can suppress abnormal migration of ventral nerve cord neurons induced by overexpression of UNC-6 lacking domain C; NPR-1 is expressed predominantly in the nervous system, and particularly in the AQR, PQR, and URX neurons that are exposed to the body fluid.