daf-16;unc-70

Forkhead box protein O;hypothetical protein

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Locus: CELE_R13H8.1

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Wormbase description: daf-16 encodes the sole C. elegans forkhead box O (FOXO) homologue; DAF-16 functions as a transcription factor that acts in the insulin/IGF-1-mediated signaling (IIS) pathway that regulates dauer formation, longevity, fat metabolism, stress response, and innate immunity; DAF-16 regulates these various processes through isoform-specific expression, isoform-specific regulation by different AKT kinases, and differential regulation of target genes; DAF-16 can interact with the CBP-1 transcription cofactor in vitro, and interacts genetically with other genes in the insulin signaling and with daf-12, which encodes a nuclear hormone receptor; DAF-16 is activated in response to DNA damage during development and co-regulated by EGL-27, alleviates DNA-damage-induced developmental arrest by inducing DAF-16-associated element (DAE)-regulated genes; DAF-16 is broadly expressed but displays isoform-specific tissue enrichment; DAF-16 localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus, with the ratio between the two an important regulator of function.

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Spectrin beta chain

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Locus: CELE_K11C4.3

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Wormbase description: unc-70 encodes two isoforms of a beta-spectrin ortholog required for normal body curvature and shape, normal movement, and correct localization of the alpha-spectrin SPC-1; the predominant UNC-70 isoform is expressed in all embryonic cells except the intestine, at the plasma membrane at sites of intercellular contact; UNC-70 becomes largely restricted to muscles and neurons from hatching to adulthood, with expression in adult spermetheca and hypodermis as well; conversely, the minor isoform is predominantly expressed in gut, and is also apposed to intercellular membrane junctions in embryos; sma-1 mutations (which impair the one beta-H-spectrin ortholog in C. elegans) enhance the unc-70 phenotype; UNC-70 is dispensable for viability (under undemanding laboratory culture conditions).

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