daf-2;nhr-80

Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase;hypothetical protein

---

Locus: CELE_Y55D5A.5

---

Wormbase description: daf-2 encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that is the C. elegans insulin/IGF receptor ortholog; DAF-2 activity is required for a number of processes in C. elegans, including embryonic and larval development, formation of the developmentally arrested dauer larval stage (diapause), larval developmental timing, adult longevity, reproduction, fat storage, salt chemotaxis learning, and stress resistance, including response to high temperature, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection; DAF-2 signals through a conserved PI 3-kinase pathway to negatively regulate the activity of DAF-16, a Forkhead-related transcription factor, by inducing its phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion; in addition, DAF-2 negatively regulates the nuclear localization, and hence transcriptional activity, of SKN-1 in intestinal nuclei; amongst the 38 predicted insulin-like molecules in C. elegans, genetic and microarray analyses suggest that at least DAF-28, INS-1, and INS-7 are likely DAF-2 ligands; genetic mosaic and tissue-specific promoter studies indicate that daf-2 can function cell nonautonomously and within multiple cell types to influence dauer formation and adult lifespan, likely by regulating the production of secondary endocrine signals that coordinate growth and longevity throughout the animal; temporal analysis of daf-2 function indicates that daf-2 regulates lifespan, reproduction, and diapause independently, at distinct times during the animal's life cycle.

---

Nuclear Hormone Receptor family

---

Locus: CELE_H10E21.3

---

Wormbase description: nhr-80 encodes a nuclear hormone receptor, expressed in the intestine, that regulates expression of the delta-9 desaturases FAT-5/-6/-7, and thus regulates fatty acid metabolism; NHR-80 is fully required for any expression of FAT-7, full expression of FAT-5/-6, viability in the absence of FAT-6, and transcriptional hyperactivation of fat-7 in the absence of FAT-6, and for a fully normal adult lifespan; nhr-80 is expressed robustly in the intestine during larval and adult stages of development, with some expression also seen in head muscles; nhr-80 is specific to nematodes, being a divergent ortholog of HNF4 with many paralogs in C. elegans; nhr-80(tm1011) mutants, like nhr-49 mutants, have an increased ration of saturated 18:0 fatty acids to monounsaturated 18:1 ones (4.6 instead of 2.2); nhr-80(tm1011) mutants are viable and fertile and have no increase in fat storage, but double fat-6(tm331);nhr-80(tm1011) mutants, (or fat-6(tm331) mutants subjected to nhr-80(RNAi), are synthetically lethal unless cultured on media supplemented with desaturated fatty acids.

---