daf-2;unc-31

Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase;hypothetical protein

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Locus: CELE_Y55D5A.5

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Wormbase description: daf-2 encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that is the C. elegans insulin/IGF receptor ortholog; DAF-2 activity is required for a number of processes in C. elegans, including embryonic and larval development, formation of the developmentally arrested dauer larval stage (diapause), larval developmental timing, adult longevity, reproduction, fat storage, salt chemotaxis learning, and stress resistance, including response to high temperature, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection; DAF-2 signals through a conserved PI 3-kinase pathway to negatively regulate the activity of DAF-16, a Forkhead-related transcription factor, by inducing its phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion; in addition, DAF-2 negatively regulates the nuclear localization, and hence transcriptional activity, of SKN-1 in intestinal nuclei; amongst the 38 predicted insulin-like molecules in C. elegans, genetic and microarray analyses suggest that at least DAF-28, INS-1, and INS-7 are likely DAF-2 ligands; genetic mosaic and tissue-specific promoter studies indicate that daf-2 can function cell nonautonomously and within multiple cell types to influence dauer formation and adult lifespan, likely by regulating the production of secondary endocrine signals that coordinate growth and longevity throughout the animal; temporal analysis of daf-2 function indicates that daf-2 regulates lifespan, reproduction, and diapause independently, at distinct times during the animal's life cycle.

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Calcium-dependent secretion activator;hypothetical protein

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Locus: CELE_ZK897.1

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Wormbase description: unc-31 encodes a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-containing protein that is the C. elegans ortholog of human CADPS/CAPS (calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion OMIM:604667); UNC-31 functions in post-docking calcium-regulated dense-core vesicle fusion that is required for egg laying, locomotion, pharyngeal pumping, and recovery from the dauer larval stage; in addition, UNC-31 functions in the insulin receptor signaling pathway that regulates adult life span where it may control Ca[2+]-regulated secretion of an insulin-like ligand; UNC-31 is not required for synaptic vesicle exocytosis; unc-31::gfp transcriptional reporters are expressed in most, if not all, neurons, vulval muscles, vulval cells, the spermatheca, and secretory cells such as the uterine UV1 cells; UNC-31::GFP translational fusions localize to neuronal cell bodies, axonal projections and to sites of synaptic contact, consistent with other dense-core vesicle proteins.

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