daf-2;fasn-1

Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase;hypothetical protein

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Locus: CELE_Y55D5A.5

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Wormbase description: daf-2 encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that is the C. elegans insulin/IGF receptor ortholog; DAF-2 activity is required for a number of processes in C. elegans, including embryonic and larval development, formation of the developmentally arrested dauer larval stage (diapause), larval developmental timing, adult longevity, reproduction, fat storage, salt chemotaxis learning, and stress resistance, including response to high temperature, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection; DAF-2 signals through a conserved PI 3-kinase pathway to negatively regulate the activity of DAF-16, a Forkhead-related transcription factor, by inducing its phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion; in addition, DAF-2 negatively regulates the nuclear localization, and hence transcriptional activity, of SKN-1 in intestinal nuclei; amongst the 38 predicted insulin-like molecules in C. elegans, genetic and microarray analyses suggest that at least DAF-28, INS-1, and INS-7 are likely DAF-2 ligands; genetic mosaic and tissue-specific promoter studies indicate that daf-2 can function cell nonautonomously and within multiple cell types to influence dauer formation and adult lifespan, likely by regulating the production of secondary endocrine signals that coordinate growth and longevity throughout the animal; temporal analysis of daf-2 function indicates that daf-2 regulates lifespan, reproduction, and diapause independently, at distinct times during the animal's life cycle.

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Fatty Acid SyNthase

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Locus: CELE_F32H2.5

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Wormbase description: fasn-1 encodes a fatty acid synthase, orthologous to human FASN (OMIM:600212); CEP-1 is required for fully normal fasn-1 expression in vivo; CEP-1 drives transcription of luciferase reporters whose promoters contains either of two putative CEP-1 binding sites (FAS-T1 and FAS-T2) found in the fasn-1 gene, and this activity is partially lost by mutation of conserved CEP-1 residues (R298 or H310); in humans, the CEP-1 ortholog isoforms TAp73alpha and deltaNp63alpha bind the human FASN gene, suggesting that FASN genes might be a conserved direct target of p53-like proteins in metazoa; fasn-1 transcription is moderately activated (2 to 4-fold) in L1 or L2 larvae starved for 12 hours, but is not so activated in later larvae or adults.

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