daf-2;fat-7;rrf-3

Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase;hypothetical protein

Locus: CELE_Y55D5A.5

Wormbase description: daf-2 encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that is the C. elegans insulin/IGF receptor ortholog; DAF-2 activity is required for a number of processes in C. elegans, including embryonic and larval development, formation of the developmentally arrested dauer larval stage (diapause), larval developmental timing, adult longevity, reproduction, fat storage, salt chemotaxis learning, and stress resistance, including response to high temperature, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection; DAF-2 signals through a conserved PI 3-kinase pathway to negatively regulate the activity of DAF-16, a Forkhead-related transcription factor, by inducing its phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion; in addition, DAF-2 negatively regulates the nuclear localization, and hence transcriptional activity, of SKN-1 in intestinal nuclei; amongst the 38 predicted insulin-like molecules in C. elegans, genetic and microarray analyses suggest that at least DAF-28, INS-1, and INS-7 are likely DAF-2 ligands; genetic mosaic and tissue-specific promoter studies indicate that daf-2 can function cell nonautonomously and within multiple cell types to influence dauer formation and adult lifespan, likely by regulating the production of secondary endocrine signals that coordinate growth and longevity throughout the animal; temporal analysis of daf-2 function indicates that daf-2 regulates lifespan, reproduction, and diapause independently, at distinct times during the animal's life cycle.

Delta(9)-fatty-acid desaturase fat-7

Locus: CELE_F10D2.9

Wormbase description: fat-7 encodes an essential delta-9 fatty acid desaturase that is required for the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids; fat-7 can substitute for the functions of the other two fatty acid desaturases, fat-5 and fat-6; RNA interference has shown that fat-7 is required for viability and normal growth.

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase Family

Locus: CELE_F10B5.7

Wormbase description: rrf-3 encodes an RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) homolog that inhibits somatic RNAi, and thus promotes activity of repeated genes (e.g., multicopy transgenic arrays); the effect of RRF-3 on RNAi is opposite to that of RRF-1 (which stimulates somatic RNAi), which might arise from competition by RRF-3 with RRF-1 or EGO-1 in RNAi formation; rrf-3(allele) or rrf-3(allele2) mutants are hypersensitive to somatic RNAi, and conversely suppress the activity of an integrated rol6 (su1006) transgene.