daf-2;mes-4

There is no network for this step.

Fullscreen mode

Hide graph

Legend

Genetic mutants with daf-2, mes-4 alterations

Names of genes are ordered alphabetically. For the order of interventions, please see the specific paper.

Temperature °C
20
Diet
OP50;HT115
Lifespan (days)
19.25
Lifespan change (compared to wild type)
59.49%
Phenotype
RNAi inactivation of mes-4 could partially suppress the enhanced longevity of daf-2/InsR mutants.
Lifespan comparisons
Double mutant daf-2(e1368);mes-4(RNAi) has a lifespan of 19.25 days, while single mutant mes-4(RNAi) has a lifespan of 13.9 days, single mutant daf-2(e1368) has a lifespan of 21.11 days and wild type has a lifespan of 12.07 days.
Type of interaction
See methods
Dependent
Citation
View abstract
Curran SP et al., 2009, A soma-to-germline transformation in long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants. Nature. 459(7250):1079-84 19506556 Click here to select all mutants from this PubMed ID in the graph
Abstract
Unlike the soma, which ages during the lifespan of multicellular organisms, the germ line traces an essentially immortal lineage. Genomic instability in somatic cells increases with age, and this decline in somatic maintenance might be regulated to facilitate resource reallocation towards reproduction at the expense of cellular senescence. Here we show that Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with increased longevity exhibit a soma-to-germline transformation of gene expression programs normally limited to the germ line. Decreased insulin-like signalling causes the somatic misexpression of the germline-limited pie-1 and pgl family of genes in intestinal and ectodermal tissues. The forkhead boxO1A (FOXO) transcription factor DAF-16, the major transcriptional effector of insulin-like signalling, regulates pie-1 expression by directly binding to the pie-1 promoter. The somatic tissues of insulin-like mutants are more germline-like and protected from genotoxic stress. Gene inactivation of components of the cytosolic chaperonin complex that induce increased longevity also causes somatic misexpression of PGL-1. These results indicate that the acquisition of germline characteristics by the somatic cells of C. elegans mutants with increased longevity contributes to their increased health and survival.

Names of genes are ordered alphabetically. For the order of interventions, please see the specific paper.

Temperature °C
20
Diet
OP50;HT115
Lifespan (days)
25.17
Lifespan change (compared to wild type)
108.53%
Phenotype
RNAi inactivation of mes-4 could partially suppress the enhanced longevity of daf-2/InsR mutants.
Lifespan comparisons
Double mutant daf-2(e1370);mes-4(RNAi) has a lifespan of 25.17 days, while single mutant mes-4(RNAi) has a lifespan of 13.9 days, single mutant daf-2(e1370) has a lifespan of 27.48 days and wild type has a lifespan of 12.07 days.
Type of interaction
See methods
Dependent
Citation
View abstract
Curran SP et al., 2009, A soma-to-germline transformation in long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants. Nature. 459(7250):1079-84 19506556 Click here to select all mutants from this PubMed ID in the graph
Abstract
Unlike the soma, which ages during the lifespan of multicellular organisms, the germ line traces an essentially immortal lineage. Genomic instability in somatic cells increases with age, and this decline in somatic maintenance might be regulated to facilitate resource reallocation towards reproduction at the expense of cellular senescence. Here we show that Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with increased longevity exhibit a soma-to-germline transformation of gene expression programs normally limited to the germ line. Decreased insulin-like signalling causes the somatic misexpression of the germline-limited pie-1 and pgl family of genes in intestinal and ectodermal tissues. The forkhead boxO1A (FOXO) transcription factor DAF-16, the major transcriptional effector of insulin-like signalling, regulates pie-1 expression by directly binding to the pie-1 promoter. The somatic tissues of insulin-like mutants are more germline-like and protected from genotoxic stress. Gene inactivation of components of the cytosolic chaperonin complex that induce increased longevity also causes somatic misexpression of PGL-1. These results indicate that the acquisition of germline characteristics by the somatic cells of C. elegans mutants with increased longevity contributes to their increased health and survival.

Temperature °C
20
Diet
OP50;HT115
Lifespan (days)
26.49
Lifespan change (compared to wild type)
119.47%
Phenotype
RNAi inactivation of mes-4 could partially suppress the enhanced longevity of daf-2/InsR mutants.
Lifespan comparisons
Double mutant daf-2(e1370);mes-4(RNAi) has a lifespan of 26.49 days, while single mutant mes-4(RNAi) has a lifespan of 13.9 days, single mutant daf-2(e1370) has a lifespan of 28.44 days and wild type has a lifespan of 12.07 days.
Type of interaction
See methods
Dependent
Citation
View abstract
Curran SP et al., 2009, A soma-to-germline transformation in long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants. Nature. 459(7250):1079-84 19506556 Click here to select all mutants from this PubMed ID in the graph
Abstract
Unlike the soma, which ages during the lifespan of multicellular organisms, the germ line traces an essentially immortal lineage. Genomic instability in somatic cells increases with age, and this decline in somatic maintenance might be regulated to facilitate resource reallocation towards reproduction at the expense of cellular senescence. Here we show that Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with increased longevity exhibit a soma-to-germline transformation of gene expression programs normally limited to the germ line. Decreased insulin-like signalling causes the somatic misexpression of the germline-limited pie-1 and pgl family of genes in intestinal and ectodermal tissues. The forkhead boxO1A (FOXO) transcription factor DAF-16, the major transcriptional effector of insulin-like signalling, regulates pie-1 expression by directly binding to the pie-1 promoter. The somatic tissues of insulin-like mutants are more germline-like and protected from genotoxic stress. Gene inactivation of components of the cytosolic chaperonin complex that induce increased longevity also causes somatic misexpression of PGL-1. These results indicate that the acquisition of germline characteristics by the somatic cells of C. elegans mutants with increased longevity contributes to their increased health and survival.

Search genes: daf-2 mes-4

Entrez ID
Symbol
GenAge
Wormbase ID

175410
daf-2
View on GenAge (daf-2)
WBGene00000898

Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase;hypothetical protein

Locus: CELE_Y55D5A.5

Wormbase description: daf-2 encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that is the C. elegans insulin/IGF receptor ortholog; DAF-2 activity is required for a number of processes in C. elegans, including embryonic and larval development, formation of the developmentally arrested dauer larval stage (diapause), larval developmental timing, adult longevity, reproduction, fat storage, salt chemotaxis learning, and stress resistance, including response to high temperature, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection; DAF-2 signals through a conserved PI 3-kinase pathway to negatively regulate the activity of DAF-16, a Forkhead-related transcription factor, by inducing its phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion; in addition, DAF-2 negatively regulates the nuclear localization, and hence transcriptional activity, of SKN-1 in intestinal nuclei; amongst the 38 predicted insulin-like molecules in C. elegans, genetic and microarray analyses suggest that at least DAF-28, INS-1, and INS-7 are likely DAF-2 ligands; genetic mosaic and tissue-specific promoter studies indicate that daf-2 can function cell nonautonomously and within multiple cell types to influence dauer formation and adult lifespan, likely by regulating the production of secondary endocrine signals that coordinate growth and longevity throughout the animal; temporal analysis of daf-2 function indicates that daf-2 regulates lifespan, reproduction, and diapause independently, at distinct times during the animal's life cycle.

Entrez ID
Symbol
GenAge
Wormbase ID

179824
mes-4
View on GenAge (mes-4)
WBGene00003222

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase mes-4

Locus: CELE_Y2H9A.1

Wormbase description: mes-4 encodes a SET domain-containing protein that also contains three plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers; MES-4 is required maternally for normal germline development, but in contrast to MES-2, -3, and -6, does not appear to be required for somatic anteroposterior patterning; in germline development, MES-4 activity is essential for regulating active chromatin states and for excluding the MES-2/MES-3/MES-6 chromatin repression complex from the autosomes; MES-4 is also required for germline silencing of repetitive transgene arrays; MES-4 localizes to autosomes, and is detectable in the distal, mitotic region of the germline, in meiotic germ cells during late pachytene, and in oocytes; MES-4 is detected in all somatic and germline nuclei of the early embryo, but by the 100-cell stage, its expression becomes restricted to the primordial germ cells, Z2 and Z3; exclusion of MES-4 from X chromosomes requires the activity of the MES-2, -3, -6 complex.

Orthologs of daf-2;mes-4 in SynergyAge

Show in SynergyAge
Species	Gene

Not in SynergyAge
Species	Gene

Orthologs of daf-2 in SynergyAge

Show in SynergyAge
Species	Gene
Drosophila melanogaster	InR

Not in SynergyAge
Species	Gene
Mus musculus	Insr
Mus musculus	Igf1r
Mus musculus	Insrr

Orthologs of mes-4 in SynergyAge

Show in SynergyAge
Species	Gene