daf-2;jnk-1

Insulin-like receptor subunit beta;Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase;hypothetical protein

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Locus: CELE_Y55D5A.5

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Wormbase description: daf-2 encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that is the C. elegans insulin/IGF receptor ortholog; DAF-2 activity is required for a number of processes in C. elegans, including embryonic and larval development, formation of the developmentally arrested dauer larval stage (diapause), larval developmental timing, adult longevity, reproduction, fat storage, salt chemotaxis learning, and stress resistance, including response to high temperature, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection; DAF-2 signals through a conserved PI 3-kinase pathway to negatively regulate the activity of DAF-16, a Forkhead-related transcription factor, by inducing its phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion; in addition, DAF-2 negatively regulates the nuclear localization, and hence transcriptional activity, of SKN-1 in intestinal nuclei; amongst the 38 predicted insulin-like molecules in C. elegans, genetic and microarray analyses suggest that at least DAF-28, INS-1, and INS-7 are likely DAF-2 ligands; genetic mosaic and tissue-specific promoter studies indicate that daf-2 can function cell nonautonomously and within multiple cell types to influence dauer formation and adult lifespan, likely by regulating the production of secondary endocrine signals that coordinate growth and longevity throughout the animal; temporal analysis of daf-2 function indicates that daf-2 regulates lifespan, reproduction, and diapause independently, at distinct times during the animal's life cycle.

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Stress-activated protein kinase jnk-1

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Locus: CELE_B0478.1

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Wormbase description: jnk-1 encodes a serine/threonine kinase that is the sole C. elegans member of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) subgroup of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases; jnk-1 is required for normal coordinated locomotion as well as for normal adult lifespan and response to heat and oxidative stress; JNK-1 exhibits kinase activity in vitro that is dependent upon activation by the JKK-1/MAPKK; in addition, JKK-1-dependent JNK-1 phosphorylation is required for JNK-1-mediated lifespan extension, as is DAF-16, with which JNK-1 physically interacts and phosphorylates and whose nuclear translocation is under JNK-1 control; a JNK-1::GFP translational fusion protein is expressed in nearly all neuronal cell bodies and processes, including the nerve ring, head and tail ganglions, and the dorsal and ventral nerve cords, at all stages of development.

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